We have cloned four Brassica rapa homologs ( BrFLC ) of the MADS-box flowering-time regulator FLC , located at the top of chromosome 5 of Arabidopsis thaliana . The Brassica rapa Genome Sequencing Project Consortium reports the draft genome of the B. rapa accession Chiifu-401-42, an inbred Chinese cabbage line. They were developed from brassicas with a normal 6 to 12 month life cycle by continuous genetic selection. The genome sequence of the paleohexaploid Brassica rapa shows that fractionation is biased among the three subgenomes and that the least fractionated subgenome has approximately twice as many orthologs as its close (and relatively unduplicated) relative Arabidopsis than had either of the other two subgenomes. Functional genetic redundancy is widespread in plants and could have an important impact on phenotypic diversity if the multiple gene copies act in an additive or dosage-dependent manner. Facts. While its lineage is closely related to the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana, the Brassicas experienced a whole genome triplication subsequent to their divergence. The genomes of three diploid species, Brassica rapa, B. nigra, and B. oleracea, have been designated as A, B, and C, re-spectively, while those of the amphidiploids, B. juncea, B. napus, and B. carinata, have been designated as parachinesis, also known as mock pak choy, choy sum, cai tai, saishin, has been cultivated since the fifth century ce in Asia and continue to be very important vegetables, especially in China. Cultivars of wild mustard include many garden vegetables such as turnips, one of the earliest known cultivated crops. Brassica rapa of the rapid cycling group (RCBr) possess an average life cycle of approximately 35 to 40 days when grown under continuous cool white fluorescent light. Pak choy is the more leafy cultivar, and bok choy is notable for its massive leaf midribs, which are white and fleshy. B. rapa and B. oleracea are two of three diploid Brassica species that have undergone recent additional Brassiceae-lineage-specific whole-genome triplication events. Brassica rapa (2n = 20, AA) is one among the six economically important cultivated Brassica species of U’s triangle. Abstract. Little is known about the effects of diverse temperature and day-lengths on flowering time QTL associated with FLC … The presence of wide genetic and morphological diversity in the form of several subspecies in different geographical regions allows growing of this species for producing leafy vegetables, vegetable oils, turnips roots, turnip greens, turnip tops, and fodder … The cabbage white butterfly population attacking canola (Brassica rapa and B. napus) over the past 30 years in north central states of the USA diverged phenotypically relative to a population reared on radish … Marjorie A. Hoy, in Insect Molecular Genetics (Fourth Edition), 2019 13.8.1.2 Adaptation to an Agricultural Environment by the Cabbage White Butterfly, Pieris rapae. genetic relation to Brassica has been well studied and is referred to as U’s triangle (U 1935). One evolutionary scenario is that … Brassica rapa ssp. Widely used in genetics research, Brassica rapa is one of the first plants to have its genome sequenced. The completion and release of the Brassica rapa genome is of great benefit to researchers of the Brassicas, Arabidopsis, and genome evolution. This event contemporaneously created three copies … The Brassica rapa (B. rapa) species displays enormous phenotypic diversity, with leafy vegetables, storage root vegetables and oil crops.These different crops all have different flowering time, which determine their growing season and cultivation area.